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When a vessel is within radar range of land or special radar aids to navigation, the navigator can take distances and angular bearings to charted objects and use these to establish arcs of position and lines of position on a chart.A fix consisting of only radar information is called a radar fix.
Types of radar fixes include "range and bearing to a single object," "two or more bearings,""tangent bearings,"and "two or more ranges."
Parallel indexing is a technique defined by William Burger in the 1957 book The Radar Observer's Handbook. This technique involves creating a line on the screen that is parallel to the ship's course, but offset to the left or right by some distance.This parallel line allows the navigator to maintain a given distance away from hazards.
Some techniques have been developed for special situations. One, known as the "contour method," involves marking a transparent plastic template on the radar screen and moving it to the chart to fix a position.
Another special technique, known as the Franklin Continuous Radar Plot Technique, involves drawing the path a radar object should follow on the radar display if the ship stays on its planned course.During the transit, the navigator can check that the ship is on track by checking that the pip lies on the drawn line.
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Marine Radar comes in X band and S band to provide bearing and distance of vessels and land targets around own ship to avoid collision and safe navigation at sea. A marine radar unit is must marine navigation equipment for safety at sea and near the shore. There are several well-known and worldwide recognised radar manufacturer brands like Furuno Marine Radar, Koden Marine Radar, Kelvin Hughes Marine Radar and Sperry Marine Radar and a few more. All these makes are industry standard and produces X Band and S Band radars in Non-ARPA and ARPA variants. Their marine radar models are widely used by shipping industry for safe navigation.
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